# s0='hello wrold'

# n=len(s0)
# print(n)
# for i in range(len(s0)):
#     print(s0[i],end='')
# print()
# print(s0[4])
# r=s0.index('l')
# print(r)
# print(s0[-1])
# for c in s0:
#     print(c,end='')
# print()
# for i in range(len(s0)):
#     print(s0[i],end='')
# print()
# r=s0.find('p')
# print(r)
# r=s0.count('l')
# print(r)
# s1=s0.upper()
# print(s1)
# s2=s1.lower()
# print(s2)
# s3=s0.title()
# print(s3)
# s4=s0.capitalize()
# print(s4)
# s5=s3.swapcase()
# print(s5)

# s6='   hello wrold   '
# s7=s6.lstrip()
# s8=s6.strip()
# s9=s6.rstrip()
# print(s6)
# print(s7)
# print(s8)
# print(s9)










